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About this book: Proverbs

Proverbs is a book of practical wisdom, gathered so that people, especially the young, might learn to live well before God. It begins with a father urging his son to seek wisdom as one would seek treasure, and it personifies wisdom as a woman calling in the public square, in contrast to the seductive voice of folly. The center of the book is a long run of short sayings on work and laziness, money, speech, friendship, anger, justice and family life. These are observations about how life generally goes, not iron promises, and the book itself admits that the world is not always fair. Later sections add collections from other sages and end with the words of a queen mother and a portrait of a capable, industrious woman. Underneath everything is one conviction: reverence for the Lord is where knowledge starts. Wisdom here is not cleverness but a trained, humble way of living that fits the way God made the world.

Author
Largely Solomon, with sections credited to other sages, Agur and King Lemuel; the collection was edited over time, including in Hezekiah's era.
Date
Solomon's reign (10th century BC) for the core; collecting and editing continued into the 8th–5th centuries BC.
Audience
First the young in Israel, and any reader who wants to live wisely in daily life.

Themes

Fear of the LordWisdom versus follyWords and characterDiligence and honest workJustice and care for the poor

Outline

  1. 1:1–9:18A father's call to wisdom
  2. 10:1–22:16Solomon's sayings
  3. 22:17–24:34Words of the wise
  4. 25:1–29:27Sayings gathered under Hezekiah
  5. 30:1–31:9Agur and Lemuel
  6. 31:10–31:31The capable woman

Key verses

About this chapterThe book opens by naming its purpose: to give wisdom, discipline, understanding, and prudence to the simple, and to add to the learning of the wise, and it sets the starting point as fear of the Lord. A father urges his son to heed instruction and not follow sinners who invite him to join a gang and share plunder, for that path ends in the ruin of those who take it. Then Wisdom is pictured as a woman crying in the streets, calling the simple to listen. She warns that those who ignore her will one day call and go unanswered, while those who listen will live securely.

The book opens by naming its purpose: to give wisdom, discipline, understanding, and prudence to the simple, and to add to the learning of the wise, and it sets the starting point as fear of the Lord. A father urges his son to heed instruction and not follow sinners who invite him to join a gang and share plunder, for that path ends in the ruin of those who take it. Then Wisdom is pictured as a woman crying in the streets, calling the simple to listen. She warns that those who ignore her will one day call and go unanswered, while those who listen will live securely.

Themes

  • Fear of the Lord
  • Parental instruction
  • Peer pressure
  • Wisdom's call

Key verses

Audio Bible · Proverbs 1

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Proverbs 1

Berean Standard Bible33 verses · 2 min read

1These are the proverbs of Solomon son of David, king of Israel, 2for gaining wisdom and discipline, for comprehending words of insight, 3and for receiving instruction in wise living and in righteousness, justice, and equity. 4To impart prudence to the simple and knowledge and discretion to the young, 5let the wise listen and gain instruction, and the discerning acquire wise counsel 6by understanding the proverbs and parables, the sayings and riddles of the wise. 7The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge, but fools despise wisdom and discipline. 8Listen, my son, to your father’s instruction, and do not forsake the teaching of your mother. 9For they are a garland of grace on your head and a pendant around your neck. 10My son, if sinners entice you, do not yield to them. 11If they say, “Come along, let us lie in wait for blood, let us ambush the innocent without cause, 12let us swallow them alive like Sheol, and whole like those descending into the Pit. 13We will find all manner of precious goods; we will fill our houses with plunder. 14Throw in your lot with us; let us all share one purse”— 15my son, do not walk the road with them or set foot upon their path. 16For their feet run to evil, and they are swift to shed blood. 17How futile it is to spread the net where any bird can see it! 18But they lie in wait for their own blood; they ambush their own lives. 19Such is the fate of all who are greedy, whose unjust gain takes the lives of its possessors. 20Wisdom calls out in the street, she lifts her voice in the square; 21in the main concourse she cries aloud, at the city gates she makes her speech: 22“How long, O simple ones, will you love your simple ways? How long will scoffers delight in their scorn and fools hate knowledge? 23If you had repented at my rebuke, then surely I would have poured out my spirit on you; I would have made my words known to you. 24Because you refused my call, and no one took my outstretched hand, 25because you neglected all my counsel, and wanted none of my correction, 26in turn I will mock your calamity; I will sneer when terror strikes you, 27when your dread comes like a storm, and your destruction like a whirlwind, when distress and anguish overwhelm you. 28Then they will call on me, but I will not answer; they will earnestly seek me, but will not find me. 29For they hated knowledge and chose not to fear the LORD. 30They accepted none of my counsel; they despised all my reproof. 31So they will eat the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices. 32For the waywardness of the simple will slay them, and the complacency of fools will destroy them. 33But whoever listens to me will dwell in safety, secure from the fear of evil.”
Verses in Proverbs 1

Chapters of Proverbs

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