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About this book: Isaiah

Isaiah is the longest of the prophetic books and one of the most quoted in the New Testament. It begins with a stern indictment of Judah for empty religion and injustice, then widens to God's judgment on the nations. Alongside the warnings runs a steady promise: a righteous king from David's line, a child called Immanuel, and a servant who will suffer for the sake of others. The book's second half turns to comfort, announcing that God will bring his people home from exile and that his word will not fail. It closes with a vision of new heavens and a new earth. Isaiah's themes are the holiness of God, the cost of injustice, trust in God rather than in political alliances, and hope that reaches beyond Israel to all peoples. Christians have long read its servant passages as pointing to Jesus, while Jewish readers understand them in other ways.

Author
The prophet Isaiah son of Amoz; many scholars think chapters 40–66 come from later prophets in his tradition.
Date
Isaiah's ministry ran from about 740 to 700 BC; the book reached its final form after the exile.
Audience
The people of Judah and Jerusalem, and later Israelites facing or returning from exile in Babylon.

Themes

The holiness of GodJustice and true worshipThe coming king and the suffering servantComfort and return from exileSalvation for all nations

Outline

  1. 1:1–12:6Judgment and hope for Judah
  2. 13:1–27:13Oracles against the nations
  3. 28:1–35:10Woes and trust in God, not alliances
  4. 36:1–39:8Hezekiah and Jerusalem's crisis
  5. 40:1–55:13Comfort and the servant
  6. 56:1–66:24Restoration and new creation

Key verses

About this chapterIsaiah's vision about Judah and Jerusalem begins with a courtroom scene: heaven and earth are called as witnesses, and God says his children have rebelled, worse than an ox that knows its owner. Sacrifices and festivals offered alongside injustice are unwelcome. God calls the people to wash themselves, stop doing evil, seek justice, defend the fatherless and widow, and then reason together, promising that sins like scarlet can become white as snow. Obedience brings blessing; refusal brings the sword. The chapter closes with a promise to purge the city until it is called faithful again.

Isaiah's vision about Judah and Jerusalem begins with a courtroom scene: heaven and earth are called as witnesses, and God says his children have rebelled, worse than an ox that knows its owner. Sacrifices and festivals offered alongside injustice are unwelcome. God calls the people to wash themselves, stop doing evil, seek justice, defend the fatherless and widow, and then reason together, promising that sins like scarlet can become white as snow. Obedience brings blessing; refusal brings the sword. The chapter closes with a promise to purge the city until it is called faithful again.

Themes

  • Rebellion and mercy
  • Worship without justice
  • Cleansing and restoration

Key verses

Audio Bible · Isaiah 1

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Isaiah 1

Berean Standard Bible31 verses · 4 min read

1This is the vision concerning Judah and Jerusalem that Isaiah son of Amoz saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. 2Listen, O heavens, and give ear, O earth, for the LORD has spoken: “I have raised children and brought them up, but they have rebelled against Me. 3The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s manger, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.” 4Alas, O sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a brood of evildoers, children who act corruptly! They have forsaken the LORD; they have despised the Holy One of Israel and turned their backs on Him. 5Why do you want more beatings? Why do you keep rebelling? Your head has a massive wound, and your whole heart is afflicted. 6From the sole of your foot to the top of your head, there is no soundness— only wounds and welts and festering sores neither cleansed nor bandaged nor soothed with oil. 7Your land is desolate; your cities are burned with fire. Foreigners devour your fields before you— a desolation demolished by strangers. 8And the Daughter of Zion is abandoned like a shelter in a vineyard, like a shack in a cucumber field, like a city besieged. 9Unless the LORD of Hosts had left us a few survivors, we would have become like Sodom, we would have resembled Gomorrah. 10Hear the word of the LORD, you rulers of Sodom; listen to the instruction of our God, you people of Gomorrah! 11“What good to Me is your multitude of sacrifices?” says the LORD. “I am full from the burnt offerings of rams and the fat of well-fed cattle; I take no delight in the blood of bulls and lambs and goats. 12When you come to appear before Me, who has required this of you— this trampling of My courts? 13Bring your worthless offerings no more; your incense is detestable to Me. New Moons, Sabbaths, and convocations— I cannot endure iniquity in a solemn assembly. 14I hate your New Moons and your appointed feasts. They have become a burden to Me; I am weary of bearing them. 15When you spread out your hands in prayer, I will hide My eyes from you; even though you multiply your prayers, I will not listen. Your hands are covered with blood. 16Wash and cleanse yourselves. Remove your evil deeds from My sight. Stop doing evil! 17Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow.” 18“Come now, let us reason together,” says the LORD. “Though your sins are like scarlet, they will be as white as snow; though they are as red as crimson, they will become like wool. 19If you are willing and obedient, you will eat the best of the land. 20But if you resist and rebel, you will be devoured by the sword.”For the mouth of the LORD has spoken. 21See how the faithful city has become a harlot! She once was full of justice; righteousness resided within her, but now only murderers! 22Your silver has become dross; your fine wine is diluted with water. 23Your rulers are rebels, friends of thieves. They all love bribes and chasing after rewards. They do not defend the fatherless, and the plea of the widow never comes before them. 24Therefore the Lord GOD of Hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, declares: “Ah, I will be relieved of My foes and avenge Myself on My enemies. 25I will turn My hand against you; I will thoroughly purge your dross; I will remove all your impurities. 26I will restore your judges as at first, and your counselors as at the beginning. After that you will be called the City of Righteousness, the Faithful City.” 27Zion will be redeemed with justice, her repentant ones with righteousness. 28But rebels and sinners will together be shattered, and those who forsake the LORD will perish. 29Surely you will be ashamed of the sacred oaks in which you have delighted; you will be embarrassed by the gardens that you have chosen. 30For you will become like an oak whose leaves are withered, like a garden without water. 31The strong man will become tinder and his work will be a spark; both will burn together, with no one to quench the flames.
Verses in Isaiah 1

Chapters of Isaiah

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